My research is mainly in the philosophy of language and in ethics. I also have many vested interests in topics across epistemology, logic, and related areas. I also have strong teaching interests in some areas in the history of philosophy. 

Below you will see information about my background and experience in teaching.

Much of my recent work is on generics, especially (1) their place in ethical theory and (2) on the harms that generics can convey and questions about what we can do to mitigate these harms. I am also working on some issues in moral epistemology. You can read more about this, as well as some recent news, below.

I am a Lecturer in Philosophy at the University of Sussex.

I am also a Research Fellow at the Hoffberger Center for Professional Ethics at the University of Baltimore.
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I did my PhD and MLitt in Philosophy in the St Andrews-Stirling Graduate Programme where I was a member of the Arché Philosophical Research Centre for Logic, Language, Metaphysics, and Epistemology. I did my BA in Philosophy at the University of Texas at Austin.

Feel free to get in touch. I'd love to hear from you.

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Recent News, Events, & Updates

  • Upcoming Workshop

    Workshop for PhD students on 'Generic Generalizations in Science, Ethics and Society' at the University of Oslo in June 2022. Co-teaching with Mark Bowker and Mirela Fus. More information here!

  • Upcoming Talks

    Upcoming talks at Glasgow (European Epistemology Network) and St Andrews (Joint Session of the Aristotelian Society and Mind Association).

  • Recent Talks

    Recent talks at Edinburgh, Sussex, and Baltimore on challenging prejudicial language.

  • Recent Teaching

    I have recently taught philosophy of language at Sussex and St Andrews. Topics included: generics; dogwhistles; speech acts and silencing; themes in Nyāya and Buddhist semantics and pragmatics.

  • Arché Anniversary Conference

    Hosted the Arché 20th Anniversary Conference in St Andrews 19-21 June 2019. Member of the organizing committee. See here for more details!

  • University-Wide Teaching Award

    Students' Association Teaching Award 2019. Awarded to only one PhD candidate across all departments at the University of St Andrews. A press release is available here.

Research

Published

Generics and weak necessity (Inquiry, 2018)

Abstract: A prevailing thought is that generics have a covert modal operator at logical form. I claim that if this is right, the covert generic modality is a weak necessity modal. In this paper, I provide evidence for this claim and I sketch a theory. In particular, I will show that there are some important distributional parallels between generics and sentences with overt weak necessity modals: both sorts of sentences share behavior in nonmonotonic reasoning environments and also lack genuine epistemic readings. Acknowledging these parallels and the connection here is in the service of both our understanding of genericity and of weak necessity. Finally, I propose an understanding of generics as involving a covert weak necessity modal and argue that this is a promising path to pursue in relation to different issues related to the interpretation of generics. 

Current Projects

The role of generics in ethics

Moral Principles
  • Provides support for the thesis that moral principles are best understood as generic generalizations. 
  • Argues that this supports a particularist model of moral reasoning. 

Supererogation
  • This paper investigates supererogation and its relationship to the core normative modal notions. 
  • It draws implications for questions of action guidance associated with 'ought' due to the generality or particularity of claims about what we ought to do. 

The meaning of generics 

Normative Generics
  • I argue that normative generics are diverse in various under-appreciated ways and investigate how to fit them into our broader understanding of generics. 
  • This paper also categorizes and investigates various uses and possible options for challenging troublesome normative generics.

Themes in non-ideal epistemology

Empathy, Moral Knowledge, and Moral Progress
  • Recent work in philosophy and psychology has contested the value of empathy in moral philosophy by arguing that empathy is a biased and unreliable source of knowledge. 
  • This paper argues that we need an inferential as opposed to a perceptual view of empathy to account for its role in enabling us to alter, modify, and add to what we regard as new areas of moral concern.​

Teaching

I am currently the convenor for Philosophy of Language and Themes in Analytic Philosophy. 

Office hours: Thursday 1-3pm GMT & by appointment 

Awards

Students' Association Teaching Award (2019) 

  • In 2019, I received a university-wide teaching award given to only one graduate teaching assistant across all departments. See here for a press release.  
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PhD Teaching Prize (2017)

  • In 2017, I won a department-wide competition to develop and teach my own honours seminar. The award is based upon the submission of the original design of a course for advanced undergraduate students and was judged by a committee of faculty members. I was subsequently given the opportunity to be lecturer on a course I designed on empathy which covered a range of issues in social and political philosophy, ethics, philosophy of mind, and philosophy of action. 
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Best Tutor in Philosophy (2014) 

  • In 2014, I received the award of Best Tutor in Philosophy while teaching a first-year introduction to epistemology and logic. This is a student-run award and I was selected on the basis of receiving the best overall feedback and highest score of 7.95/8 on independent student evaluation forms.
Department of Philosophy, University of Sussex
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​ravithakral@icloud.com